What Are The Benches In A Church Called

What Are the Benches in a Church Called? A Deep Dive into Ecclesiastical Seating

The simple question, "What are the benches in a church called?" belies a surprisingly rich history and a fascinating array of terminology. While the most common answer is simply "pews," the reality is far more nuanced, reflecting differences in architectural styles, denominations, and geographical locations. This comprehensive guide delves into the various names for church seating, exploring their origins, design variations, and cultural significance.

Beyond "Pews": A Spectrum of Church Seating

The term "pew" itself carries a weight of history. It's derived from the Old French word peu, meaning "a small amount" or "a little," likely referring to the small, enclosed compartments that evolved into the familiar long benches we associate with churches. However, not all church seating is a pew. We'll explore the differences:

1. Pews: The Most Common Term

Pews, typically long, fixed benches, often with high backs and sometimes individual compartments, are arguably the most prevalent type of church seating. They're found in a wide variety of churches, across different denominations and architectural styles. The design of pews can vary significantly:

• Open pews: These are simple benches without individual partitions, allowing for more flexibility in seating arrangements.
• Closed pews: These have individual compartments, often with doors or high sides, providing a sense of privacy and ownership. Historically, these were often assigned to specific families or individuals, reflecting social hierarchy within the congregation.
• Box pews: Similar to closed pews, but larger and more elaborate, often featuring ornate carvings and cushioning. These were typically reserved for wealthier or more influential members of the community.

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2. Benches: A Simpler Alternative

While "pew" often implies a specific type of seating with a back and sometimes dividers, the more general term bench encompasses a wider range of seating options. Benches in churches might be simpler, backless designs, or they could share similar features to pews but lack the historical connotations. This term is often used in more modern or less traditional church designs.

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3. Chairs: Modern and Flexible

The use of chairs in churches has become increasingly common, particularly in contemporary settings. Chairs offer flexibility in seating arrangements, allowing for easy reconfiguration for different events and services. They can also create a more informal and less hierarchical atmosphere.

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4. Settling Chairs or Stools: Simpler Seating Options

In some simpler churches or chapels, particularly older ones, you might find settling chairs or stools. These are typically basic, unadorned seating options, often made of wood and lacking backs. They are less ornate and less common than pews or benches.

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The History and Significance of Church Seating

The evolution of church seating reflects changing social, economic, and religious practices. Initially, churches often lacked fixed seating altogether. Congregants would stand or sit on the floor, or bring their own stools. The development of pews and other fixed seating arrangements coincided with the rise of Protestantism and the emphasis on individual piety.

Social Hierarchy and Pew Ownership

The assignment of pews was often a significant marker of social status. Wealthier and more influential families occupied the most desirable pews, closer to the altar or in more prominent locations. This system reflected the social hierarchies of the time, and the ownership of pews often became a source of conflict and contention.

The Decline of Pew Ownership

Over time, the practice of assigning and owning pews gradually declined. As churches became more egalitarian and inclusive, the emphasis on individual pew ownership diminished. Many churches now provide open seating for all congregants.

Architectural Styles and Seating

Church architecture has significantly influenced the design and style of seating. Elaborate, ornate pews are frequently found in churches with Gothic or Baroque architecture, while simpler, more modern designs are often associated with contemporary church buildings.

Beyond the Basics: Variations and Regional Differences

The terms used to describe church seating can vary regionally and denominationally. Some churches may use specific terminology to refer to particular types of seating. For example, certain historical churches might use terms like “choir stalls” or “gallery seating” to refer to specific areas designated for particular groups.

The Future of Church Seating

As church architecture and worship practices continue to evolve, the types of seating found in churches are also likely to change. The emphasis on flexibility and inclusivity may lead to a continued increase in the use of chairs and other adaptable seating options.

Conclusion: A Rich Tapestry of Terminology

The seemingly simple question of what church benches are called opens a window into a world of historical and cultural significance. While “pew” remains the most common and widely understood term, the reality is much more diverse, reflecting a rich tapestry of architectural styles, social practices, and religious traditions. Understanding the nuances of this terminology helps us appreciate the deeper history and meaning embedded within the spaces where we worship.

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